Final answer:
The book of James challenges the interpretation of Paul's views on faith and good works, emphasizing that faith must be accompanied by action. It addresses the theological debate on salvation, which was also a significant point for Martin Luther's doctrine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The book that shows some may have interpreted Paul as meaning that good works don't matter is James. This interpretation arises from reading Paul's epistles, specifically his statement that 'the just shall live by faith' (Romans 1:17), which was foundational for Martin Luther's doctrine of faith alone. However, the Epistle of James emphasizes the importance of good works as evidence of faith, famously stating that 'faith without works is dead' (James 2:26), which suggests a counterpoint to a faith-only view.
Martin Luther grappled with the idea of salvation through faith alone after studying St. Paul, concluding that one cannot earn salvation through good works, and it is instead granted by God's grace. However, disagreements and multiple interpretations of Christian doctrine were common among early Christians, with books like James offering a different perspective on the role of works and faith. Understanding these texts provides insight into the ongoing theological debates that have shaped Christianity since its infancy.