Final answer:
Neurogenesis is the creation of new neurons in the brain, continuing even into adulthood, with significant occurrence in the hippocampus that impacts learning and memory.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neurogenesis is the process of birth of new neurons in the brain. Contrary to previous beliefs, this process continues into adulthood. Adult neurogenesis is most notable in the hippocampus, an area crucial for learning and memory. While everyday about 1,000 new neurons may develop there, many will not survive. However, an increase in the number of surviving new neurons correlates with improved learning of new tasks in rats. Factors such as exercise and certain antidepressants can promote neurogenesis, whereas stress has a detrimental effect.
Although neurogenesis is relatively limited in adult humans compared to other forms of tissue regeneration, it represents a significant interest for potential treatments of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and epilepsy.