Final answer:
The term Renaissance means 'Rebirth of a culture.' It denotes a period from the 14th to the 17th century that began in Italy and signified a revival in art, literature, and science inspired by the classic antiquities of Greece and Rome, promoting humanism and individualism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Definition of Renaissance
The term Renaissance, which is French for “rebirth”, refers to a period of cultural, artistic, and intellectual revival that began in Italy in the 14th century and spread throughout Europe. This era is seen as a bridge from the Middle Ages to modern history, marking a significant transformation in thought and society. The Renaissance was characterized by a renewed interest in the classical art, literature, and philosophy of ancient Greece and Rome. It was an age that focused on humanism, individualism, and self-awareness, a stark contrast to the medieval period that had dominated Europe for centuries.
During this time, there was a rejuvenation of antiquity, with a shift towards realistic representation in arts, a scientific approach to perspective, and secular subjects. Notable figures such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael brought forward the balance and harmony in what is known as the High Renaissance. The focus on humanistic values influenced education, politics, and the sciences, fostering advancements in various fields including science, art, mathematics, and engineering. To answer the question, the term Renaissance means 'Rebirth of a culture', capturing the essence of this pivotal moment in history.