Final answer:
Carol Moseley Braun was the first black woman elected to the U.S. Senate in 1992. While Shirley Chisholm was elected to the House of Representatives in 1968, and Barbara Mikulski was the first woman to win a Senate seat in a regular election in 1986, Moseley Braun remains the milestone figure specifically for the Senate.
Step-by-step explanation:
First Black Woman Elected to the U.S Senate
The first black woman elected to the U.S. Senate was Carol Moseley Braun. She made history in 1992 when she won the Senate seat in Illinois. Moseley Braun's election was a significant milestone in American politics, representing progress in the diversification of congressional representation. Prior to this achievement, Shirley Chisholm had become the first African American woman elected to the House of Representatives in 1968. Chisholm was also the first viable African American female presidential candidate, securing several states in the 1972 Democratic primary. While Chisholm played a pivotal role in American political history, it is important to note that Barbara Mikulski was also a trailblazer as the first woman to win a Senate seat during a regular election cycle without being appointed, which she did in 1986, representing Maryland.