Final answer:
Charlotte Brontë was not influenced by Naturalism; she was more affiliated with the Romantic and Gothic literary movements. Naturalism, which emerged later, focused on themes like social determinism and was inspired by scientific perspectives on human nature, differing significantly from Brontë’s stylistic choices.
Step-by-step explanation:
The literary movement that did NOT influence Charlotte Brontë is Naturalism. While Charlotte Brontë was influenced by a number of literary movements of her time, such as Romanticism and Gothic tales, she was not influenced by Naturalism, which came to prominence a bit later in the literary timeline. Naturalism, spearheaded by figures such as Émile Zola, focused on a more scientific and deterministic view of human behavior, influenced by Charles Darwin's theories of evolution. This movement typically looked at individuals as products of heredity and environment, exploring themes such as poverty, corruption, and vice with a frankness that could verge on pessimism.
Charlotte Brontë, on the other hand, is known for her novel "Jane Eyre," which embodies elements of the Romantic and Gothic movements. Romanticism celebrated the freedom and originality of self-expression, emphasizing individualism, and often featuring elements contrary to the stark realism of Naturalism. Likewise, Gothic literature, with its dark settings, psychological depth, and supernatural elements, also resonates within Brontë's works. Notably, Brontë's works lack the deterministic perspective and intense focus on the environment's role in shaping human behavior that are hallmark traits of Naturalism.