Final answer:
The first African American newspaper was Freedoms Journal, established in 1827. Marcus Garvey's influential The Negro World, although not the first, was a key voice in the early 20th century for Pan-Africanism and the global black community.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first African American newspaper was not listed among the options provided in the question. However, it is known as Freedoms Journal and was established in 1827 by Samuel Cornish and John B. Russwurm. This newspaper was significant as it was the first of its kind to be owned and operated by African Americans, offering an important platform for expressing their views and countering the racist narratives often found in the mainstream press of the time.
Marcus Garvey's newspaper, The Negro World, while not the first, played a significant role in advocating for the rights and unity of African people worldwide during the early 20th century and was noted for its wide circulation and multilingual editions. The newspaper addressed topics such as colonialism, racism, and was a major voice for the Pan-African independence movement.