Final answer:
Lorentz scalars are invariant under Lorentz transformations in accordance with special relativity. They may not remain invariant under other linear transformations like scaling, which do not respect the structure of space-time described by special relativity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Lorentz scalars are quantities in physics that are invariant under a Lorentz transformation. Lorentz transformations are a set of linear transformations that include rotations in space-time that preserve the space-time interval between events. A Lorentz scalar, by definition, remains unchanged under this type of transformation, which is essential for the formulation of the laws of physics in a way that is consistent with the theory of special relativity.
However, Lorentz scalars may not necessarily remain invariant under other types of linear transformations. For example, a scaling transformation, which multiplies each component of a vector by a constant factor, would change the magnitude of the vector and hence would not leave a Lorentz scalar invariant. In essence, Lorentz invariance is specific to transformations that respect the postulates of special relativity and the structure of space-time as described by the Lorentz metric.