Final answer:
Non-local transport in plasmas refers to the transport of particles or energy across extended regions of the plasma rather than being localized to a specific area. This can occur through mechanisms such as wave propagation or turbulent transport. Examples include electromagnetic wave propagation and turbulent transport in astrophysical plasmas.
Step-by-step explanation:
Non-local transport in plasmas refers to the phenomenon where particles or energy are transported over long distances without being directly connected or localized to a specific region of the plasma. In other words, it involves the transport of particles or energy across extended regions of the plasma rather than being confined to a localized area. This can occur through various mechanisms such as wave propagation, diffusion, or turbulent transport.
One example of non-local transport in plasmas is the phenomenon of wave propagation. Waves can travel long distances in a plasma, carrying energy or particles with them. For instance, electromagnetic waves like radio waves can propagate over large regions of plasma, enabling long-range communication.
Another example is turbulent transport, which occurs when plasma turbulence causes the mixing and transport of particles or energy over long distances. This can happen in astrophysical plasmas, such as in the solar wind, where turbulent eddies can transport particles from the Sun to the Earth.