Final answer:
The star-shaped organisms on the leaf, as identified under the microscope, are trichomes of the leaf. Hence, the correct answer is option (b).
Step-by-step explanation:
The star-shaped organisms on the leaf, as identified under the microscope, are trichomes of the leaf. Trichomes are hair-like structures that can be found on the surface of leaves and other plant parts. They can have different shapes and sizes, and they serve various functions including protection against herbivores and reducing water loss.
Composed of cells, trichomes serve diverse functions, acting as a defense mechanism against herbivores by producing toxic compounds or creating physical barriers. They also play roles in reducing water loss through transpiration and reflecting sunlight to regulate temperature.
The structure and function of trichomes vary among plant species, encompassing glandular trichomes that secrete substances, such as essential oils, and non-glandular trichomes that offer protection. Overall, trichomes contribute to the adaptation and survival of plants in their respective environments.