Question

Why, when hydrogen bridges are broken in water as during a phase transition, the input energy does not increase the temperature? Is it because some part of the energy is converted into a rotational and vibrational movement? Or because part of the energy is transferred to the electron cloud and re-emitted? I thought that to break a chemical bonds it's necessary to increase the kinetic energy of molecules in order for them to stretch and not be attracted any more.

Answer 1

The hydrogen bonds in water allow it to absorb and release heat energy more slowly, moderating temperature changes. As energy input continues, more hydrogen bonds are broken than formed, resulting in the release of individual water molecules in evaporation.

Step-by-step explanation:

The hydrogen bonds in water allow it to absorb and release heat energy more slowly than many other substances. This means that water moderates temperature changes within organisms and in their environments.

As energy input continues, the balance between hydrogen-bond formation and breaking swings toward fewer hydrogen bonds: more bonds are broken than are formed.

This process results in the release of individual water molecules at the surface of the liquid (such as a body of water, the leaves of a plant, or the skin of an organism) in a process called evaporation.