Final answer:
The characters struggle with unhappy marriages due to a lack of communication, understanding, love, and societal pressures, which highlights the complexity of relationships and the necessity of several key elements for marital happiness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The various dialogues and scenarios presented show that characters in the texts have experienced strained and unhappy marriages due to a lack of genuine understanding, communication, and shared values. For instance, in one dialogue, Nora describes how in her marriage to Helmer, they have not had a serious conversation or truly comprehended each other's character and necessities. As a result, their marriage lacked depth and sincerity, leading to unhappiness. Others faced issues such as marrying out of necessity or without love, societal pressures, and unmet expectations, contributing to marriages that were not joyful or fulfilling. These examples underscore the importance of open communication, mutual respect, love, and understanding as foundations of a happy marriage.