Question

What are the two main factors influencing lung compliance, as stated in Guyton and Hall's Chapter 38 on Pulmonary Ventilation?

a. Oxygen concentration and lung volume
b. Tissue elasticity and surface tension elastic force
c. Respiratory rate and lung capacity
d. Alveolar pressure and atmospheric pressure

In the experiment mentioned in the text, which factor requires more pressure to overcome during respiration?
a. Tissue elasticity
b. Surface tension elastic force
c. Lung compliance
d. Respiratory rate

What does the text conclude about lung elasticity based on the pressure difference in the normal lung compared to the saline-filled lung?
a. Lung elasticity is entirely due to tissue elasticity
b. Lung elasticity is mainly due to surface tension elastic force
c. Lung elasticity is one third tissue elasticity and two-thirds due to surface tension elastic force
d. Lung elasticity is independent of both tissue elasticity and surface tension

How is lung compliance defined in the context of respiratory physiology?
a. The volume change per unit pressure change
b. The pressure change required for a unit volume change
c. The resistance of the lungs to expand
d. The reciprocal of lung elasticity

What is lung elastance, and how is it related to lung compliance?
a. Lung elastance is the volume change per unit pressure change, inversely related to lung compliance
b. Lung elastance is the pressure change required for a unit volume change, directly related to lung compliance
c. Lung elastance measures lung capacity, which is synonymous with lung compliance
d. Lung elastance is the reciprocal of lung compliance, indicating resistance to lung expansion

According to the concept of lung compliance being the reciprocal of lung elastance, what does a higher lung compliance indicate?
a. Greater resistance to lung expansion
b. Lower resistance to lung expansion
c. Increased lung elastance
d. Unchanged lung elastance

Which of the following best characterizes lung compliance based on the information provided?
a. Lung compliance is mainly due to surface tension elastic force
b. Lung compliance is solely determined by tissue elasticity
c. Lung compliance is influenced equally by tissue elasticity and surface tension elastic force
d. Lung compliance is unrelated to both tissue elasticity and surface tension

In terms of pressure change and volume change, how does lung elastance differ from lung compliance?
a. Lung elastance is the reciprocal of lung compliance
b. Lung elastance is synonymous with lung compliance
c. Lung elastance and lung compliance are independent measures
d. Lung elastance measures volume change per unit pressure change, while lung compliance measures pressure change required for a unit volume change.

Answer 1

Lung compliance, influenced by tissue elasticity and surface tension elastic force, is the volume change of the lungs per unit pressure change. Lung elastance, the reciprocal of compliance, measures the pressure change required for a unit volume change. Higher lung compliance suggests lower resistance to lung expansion.

Step-by-step explanation:

The two main factors influencing lung compliance are tissue elasticity and surface tension elastic force. The factor that requires more pressure to overcome during respiration is surface tension elastic force. Based on the pressure difference in the normal lung compared to the saline-filled lung, the text concludes that lung elasticity is mainly due to surface tension elastic force, with tissue elasticity being responsible for the remainder.

Lung compliance is defined in the context of respiratory physiology as the volume change per unit pressure change. Lung elastance is the reciprocal of lung compliance and indicates resistance to lung expansion. It measures the pressure change required for a unit volume change. Therefore, a higher lung compliance indicates lower resistance to lung expansion. Based on the information provided, lung compliance is mainly due to surface tension elastic force, influenced to a lesser degree by tissue elasticity.

In terms of pressure change and volume change, lung elastance differs from lung compliance in that lung elastance is the pressure change required for a unit volume change, while lung compliance is the volume change per unit pressure change, essentially the reciprocal relationship.