Final answer:
Shoot apical meristems determine the arrangement of leaves on the stem by producing leaf primordia, which can develop into branches or stay dormant. This growth is controlled by the shoot apical meristem, allowing plants to access light and resources.
Step-by-step explanation:
Shoot apical meristems are responsible for the growth of leaves and stems in plants. As the meristem develops, it determines the arrangement of leaves on the stem. The shoot apical meristem produces leaf primordia, which are embryonic tissue mounds that divide and grow to form leaves. These leaf primordia are produced at the axil of each leaf and can develop into branches or stay dormant. The growth of shoots and leaves is controlled by the shoot apical meristem, allowing plants to access light and resources.