Final answer:
The Mau Mau, also known as the Land and Freedom Army, was a Kenyan nationalist movement fighting for independence from British colonial rule beginning in 1952, led mainly by the Kikuyu ethnic group.
Step-by-step explanation:
The organization also known as the Land and Freedom Army is 1) Mau Mau. The Mau Mau was a Kenyan nationalist movement that fought for independence from British colonial rule. Beginning in 1952, the movement's members, mainly from the Kikuyu tribe, aimed to reclaim their land and rights from the British, who had established profitable coffee plantations and controlled a significant amount of land to the detriment of Black Africans. The fight for liberation led by the Mau Mau was marked by violent encounters and brutal repression.
Jomo Kenyatta, a key figure in Kenya's journey to independence, was the leader of the Kenya African Union (K.A.U.) but was imprisoned by the British for alleged links with the Mau Mau rebellion. After his release and subsequent independence, Kenya became a sovereign nation in 1963 with Kenyatta as its Prime Minister and later its President. His son, Uhuru Kenyatta, was the President of Kenya as of 2020.