Final answer:
Colonization in the second half of the nineteenth century differed from previous centuries in terms of cultural assimilation, economic exploitation, and reliance on military force.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the second half of the nineteenth century, colonization differed from previous centuries in several ways. Firstly, there was a greater emphasis on cultural assimilation. European colonizers sought to impose their culture, language, and religion on the indigenous populations. Secondly, there was an increased focus on economic exploitation. The primary goal of colonization during this period was to extract raw materials and exploit the labor of the colonized peoples for the benefit of the European powers. Lastly, there was a decreased reliance on military force. Instead of conquering territories through military aggression, European powers established more cooperative relationships with indigenous populations in order to maintain control.