Question

How does Hume describe the is-ought problem?

a) Hume argues that the problem lies in moving from descriptive statements to prescriptive ones.
b) Hume suggests that this problem stems from human nature.
c) Hume rejects the is-ought problem, claiming it's a fallacy.
d) Hume believes the problem arises due to logical inconsistencies.

Answer 1

Hume's is-ought problem describes the philosophical challenge of making normative prescriptions (what ought to be) from descriptive statements (what is), emphasizing that values are not facts and cannot be directly derived from them.

Step-by-step explanation:

David Hume describes the is-ought problem by arguing that the problem lies in moving from descriptive statements (what is) to prescriptive ones (what ought to be). This issue arises when attempting to derive moral statements and values from purely factual descriptions. As Hume noted, moral assertions are influenced by human sentiments and emotions, which cannot be directly deduced from factual observations about the world.

Hume's explanation of the is-ought problem is crucial in understanding the limitations of ethical naturalism and the challenges it presents in ethical reasoning. Hume's work represents one of the most famous explorations into the realm where facts and values intersect, highlighting that values cannot be simply inferred from facts.