Question

How does nature serve as a possible foundation for morality and moral reasoning?

a. Nature provides objective moral values
b. Nature influences cultural relativism
c. Nature establishes religious morality
d. Nature is irrelevant to moral reasoning

Answer 1

Nature serves as a possible foundation for morality according to natural law theory, asserting that morality is based on the patterns and laws observed in nature. The idea that a. nature provides objective moral values.

Step-by-step explanation:

How nature serves as a foundation for morality and moral reasoning is a philosophical question involving different theoretical viewpoints. One approach, natural law theory, suggests that morality can be based on the observable laws and patterns in nature, supporting the idea that nature provides objective moral values. However, this has been critiqued extensively, especially considering evolutionary theory, which posits that species develop based on survival rather than moral order.

Furthermore, the human capacity for reason, environment, and cultural influences complicates the assertion that nature directly establishes specific moral behaviors. Ethical naturalism argues that fulfilling human nature is synonymous with performing good actions, whereas deviating from this is evil. Yet, determining what constitutes 'natural' can be contentious, and moral realists who seek objective norms often dispute the claim that one can derive moral 'oughts' from natural 'is'.