Final answer:
Jewish, Christian, and Muslim philosophies differ from classical philosophy as they incorporate theology and focus on reconciling faith with reason. Their approach diverges on ethics, rooted in divine metaphysics. The correct option is a) Focuses on metaphysics, rejects ethics
Step-by-step explanation:
How Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Philosophy Differ from Classical Philosophy
Jewish, Christian and Muslim philosophies differ from classical philosophy primarily because they incorporate theology into their studies and often seek to reconcile reason with religious revelation. Philosophers from these Abrahamic traditions typically build upon a metaphysical starting point set by their religious texts, such as the belief that God created the world. This contrasts with the more secular focus of classical Greek philosophers like Aristotle who postulated that the universe had always existed.
The correct answer to how Jewish, Christian and Muslim philosophy is different from classical philosophy is 'incorporates theology, diverges on ethics'. The incorporation of theological concepts differentiates these philosophies from the classical emphasis on a rational system of ideas or logos that was free from mythological or theological constraints.
This theologically infused philosophy often led to ethical systems that were deeply rooted in the metaphysical understanding of the divine and how it influences human conduct and society. Despite their endeavors in metaphysics and ethics, these religious philosophies constantly dealt with the challenge of intellectual freedom within the confines of theological doctrine. The correct option is a) Focuses on metaphysics, rejects ethics