Final answer:
Philosophy aims for a comprehensive understanding of reality and is characterized by a focus on the broadest possible range of topics, with an inherent openness to question foundational concepts. It differs from other disciplines in its all-encompassing scope and critical examination of even the most basic assumptions.
Step-by-step explanation:
When philosophy is said to 'have an eye on the whole,' it means that it seeks a comprehensive understanding of reality. Philosophy is distinct from other disciplines because it addresses the broadest possible range of topics and attempts to provide a coherent view of them. This includes nature, consciousness, morality, beauty, and social organizations. Unlike other fields that may work within established frameworks, philosophy scrutinizes foundational concepts and values without automatic acceptance of any assumptions.
Historically, philosophy is informed by an array of cultural and intellectual traditions, contributing to its diverse origins. Philosophers engage with universal human concerns, questioning the underpinnings of knowledge, ethics, and existence.
Today's academic philosophy may focus on specialized research, but it is still driven by the overarching aim to make sense of the world and our place in it. This task involves rigorous logical analysis, and though there may not be a consensus on definitive truths as in other sciences, the objective of philosophy remains: to challenge and refine our understanding of the fundamental aspects of our lives and the universe.