Final answer:
A goodness-of-fit test can be used to determine if high school principals believe that students are absent equally during the week or not. This test compares the observed frequencies of absent students on different days of the week to the expected frequencies under the assumption of equal absences. If the p-value is less than the significance level (commonly 0.05), we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is evidence of a difference in student absences throughout the week.
Step-by-step explanation:
A goodness-of-fit test can be used to determine if high school principals believe that students are absent equally during the week or not. This test compares the observed frequencies of absent students on different days of the week to the expected frequencies under the assumption of equal absences. If the p-value is less than the significance level (commonly 0.05), we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is evidence of a difference in student absences throughout the week.
For example, if a survey of high school principals shows that the majority of absences occur on Mondays, we can use a goodness-of-fit test to assess whether this distribution is significantly different from an equal distribution of absences throughout the week.