Final answer:
A person with cold receptors that can no longer convert cold stimuli into sensory signals has an issue with transduction, the process of converting physical stimuli into electrical signals.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a person's cold receptors no longer convert cold stimuli into sensory signals, that person has a problem with the process of transduction. Transduction is the first step in sensation and involves the conversion of physical stimuli into electrical signals by the sensory receptors. The other processes, such as transmission, perception, and adaptation, occur after transduction, but if transduction fails, the subsequent processes cannot happen correctly. In the context of the somatosensory system, after somatosensory transduction, the sensory signal travels through the brain as an electrical signal.