Question

The concept of free will often intersects with societal structures and governance theories. Considering Rousseau's notion of the "general will" in his work "The Social Contract," how does the absence of free will potentially impact the formation and existence of a social contract, and consequently, the legitimacy of society? Discuss the implications regarding individuals' consent, societal rules, and the idea of the "general will." Additionally, contrast this perspective with Hobbes' view on social contract theory, emphasizing the role of individual volition and the legitimacy of governance. Finally, from deterministic viewpoints, analyze how the absence of individual free will might still allow for a perceived social contract and moral obligations within societal frameworks. Provide a critical examination of these philosophical stances on free will and societal structures.

Answer 1

The absence of free will can impact the formation and existence of a social contract and the legitimacy of society. Rousseau's concept of the 'general will' emphasizes the importance of collective decision-making. Hobbes, on the other hand, believes in the individual's surrender of freedoms for protection.

Step-by-step explanation:

The concept of free will intersects with societal structures and governance theories. In Rousseau's work 'The Social Contract,' he introduces the idea of the 'general will.' The absence of free will can impact the formation and existence of a social contract and the legitimacy of society. Without free will, individuals would not have the ability to give their consent, which is necessary for a social contract to be valid. Societal rules would be imposed without individual choice, potentially leading to a lack of legitimacy.

Rousseau contrasts with Hobbes, who emphasized individual volition and the legitimacy of governance. Hobbes believed that people must surrender their freedoms to a ruler for the sake of protection. In contrast, Rousseau argued that the government should be guided by the will of the people and that active participation in governance is essential. From a deterministic viewpoint, the absence of individual free will may still allow for a perceived social contract and moral obligations within societal frameworks. This perspective suggests that individuals are not truly free in their choices, but are bound by deterministic forces beyond their control. In this view, societal frameworks and moral obligations could still exist, but they would be predetermined rather than based on individual agency.