Final answer:
Coulomb's law can be used to determine the electrostatic force on a new moving charge entering a static charge distribution if the charge moves at a uniform speed and the static charges remain stationary. For accelerating charges or charges moving at relativistic speeds, additional considerations are necessary. Magnetic forces on moving charges depend on several factors including the charge's velocity and the magnetic field direction.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Coulomb's law, the electrostatic force between two charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them and directly proportional to the product of the charges themselves. It is applicable for situations where charges are stationary with respect to each other. However, if a new moving charge enters the space with a uniform speed, we can still apply Coulomb's law to determine the electrostatic force on it, assuming the other charges remain stationary. Nevertheless, when the charge accelerates or moves at speeds close to the speed of light, special relativistic effects should be considered, and Coulomb's law alone might not suffice.
The electric field inside a conductor is zero when electrostatic equilibrium is reached because the free charges within the conductor redistribute such that no internal electric forces exist. When analyzing a moving charge entering a conductor with a static charge distribution, the moving charge experiences forces according only to the static distribution unless the movement alters the distribution significantly.
The force on a charge within a magnetic field depends on the charge's velocity, the field's magnitude, and the angle between the charge's velocity and the magnetic field direction. If a charge moves with a uniform velocity through a uniform magnetic field, the magnetic force could be perpendicular to the velocity, causing the charge to move in a circular or helical path, but without changing its speed.