Final answer:
The special relationship giving rise to a duty to act to aid or protect one in peril is known as the Good Samaritan relationship.
Step-by-step explanation:
The special relationship giving rise to a duty to act to aid or protect one in peril is known as the Good Samaritan relationship. It refers to a situation where an individual voluntarily offers assistance to another person in an emergency or dangerous situation. The Good Samaritan relationship creates a moral and sometimes legal obligation to provide reasonable help to someone who is in need.