Final answer:
John Rawls's theory of justice is mainly non-Utilitarian. Rawls proposes the principle of justice as fairness, which emphasizes equal opportunity and benefiting the worst off. His theory is based on the concept of rational beings making choices behind the 'veil of ignorance.'
Step-by-step explanation:
John Rawls's theory of justice is mainly non-Utilitarian. Rawls proposes the principle of justice as fairness, which emphasizes equal opportunity and benefiting the worst off. His theory is based on the concept of rational beings making choices behind the 'veil of ignorance.' This means that they make decisions without knowing their own social position, ensuring fairness and impartiality.
John Rawls's theory of justice is fundamentally non-Utilitarian, representing a departure from consequentialist ethical frameworks. Rawls introduces the principle of justice as fairness, a concept that centers on equal opportunity and improving the conditions of the least advantaged members of society. The foundation of Rawls's theory lies in the idea of rational beings making choices from behind the 'veil of ignorance.'
The 'veil of ignorance' signifies a hypothetical state where individuals are unaware of their own social position, wealth, or attributes while formulating principles of justice. This deliberate ignorance ensures impartiality and fairness in decision-making, as individuals, not knowing their personal circumstances, are inclined to create principles that benefit all, especially the least privileged. Rawls's emphasis on equal opportunity and the welfare of the least advantaged reflects a commitment to justice that goes beyond Utilitarian calculations, highlighting the importance of fairness and equity in shaping societal structures.