Final answer:
A recombinant DNA molecule is created by artificially joining DNA from two different sources, typically by inserting foreign DNA into a vector. This technology is pivotal in gene cloning and allows for the expression of specific proteins in host organisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Meaning of a Recombinant DNA Molecule
A recombinant DNA molecule refers to a molecule that is formed by the artificial joining of two different DNA sequences. This is typically achieved by inserting a segment of DNA from one organism (the donor) into the DNA sequence of a vector, which can be a plasmid, virus, or other carriers. The result of this biotechnological technique is that the genetic material from two different sources is combined into one DNA molecule, allowing for the expression of foreign genes within a host organism.
Option b) 'A molecule created by the insertion of foreign DNA into a vector' correctly defines a recombinant DNA molecule. This process is instrumental in gene cloning, where exact copies of genes are made, and is a fundamental aspect of genetic engineering. By using recombinant DNA technology, scientists can direct the synthesis of specific proteins, like insulin, in host cells, typically bacteria or yeast. Recombinant DNA technology has broad applications in medicine, research, and industry.