Final answer:
The formal process of evaluating scientific research for originality and quality before publication is known as peer review. The correct answer is option c.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name for the formal process through which scientific research is checked for originality, significance, and quality before being accepted into scientific literature is peer review. This process involves sending the scientist's manuscript to a panel of other scientists, often experts in the same field, who evaluate the research for scientific integrity and validity.
It is a critical process that assists in maintaining the quality and credibility of scientific work, ensuring that published results are original, significant, logical, ethical, and thorough. Peer review serves a self-correcting function in science.
As other scientists are encouraged to reproduce experiments and challenge hypotheses, thereby advancing the body of knowledge within the scientific community. The purpose of peer review is to ensure that scientific research is original, significant, logical, and thorough.