Question

Congenital disorders of glycosylation are a growing class of rare diseases. Which organelle would be most commonly involved in the glycoprotein disorder portion of the group?

a) Ribosomes
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Lysosomes
d) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

The Golgi apparatus is the organelle most commonly involved in the glycoprotein disorder portion of congenital disorders of glycosylation. The correct answer is option b).

Step-by-step explanation:

Congenital disorders of glycosylation involve various enzymes that are essential for the proper glycosylation of proteins. The organelle most commonly involved in the glycoprotein disorder portion of these diseases is the Golgi apparatus. This is because the Golgi apparatus functions in the modification, tagging, packaging, and transport of proteins.

Glycosylation is a process where sugar molecules are covalently attached to proteins, a critical step necessary for the function of many proteins. The initial attachment of sugars to proteins begins in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), where a core glycan is formed.

However, it is within the Golgi apparatus that the process is completed. Here, enzymes modify lipids and proteins by adding carbohydrate components, thus producing glycoproteins that are critical for cell surface recognition and signaling.