Final answer:
Satellite imagery and chemical analysis are the methods used to calculate contemporary extinction rates.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is d) Satellite imagery and chemical analysis.
Contemporary extinction rates can be calculated using satellite imagery to monitor changes in habitat and land use. This method allows scientists to detect and measure the extent of habitat destruction and loss. Chemical analysis, on the other hand, can be used to study the impacts of pollutants and toxins on species, which can contribute to their extinction.