Final answer:
In the closing entries, Revenue, Expense, and Dividend accounts are debited to reset their balances for the new accounting period, which includes zeroing out revenues and expenses and transferring any dividends declared to retained earnings.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the closing process in accounting, certain accounts are debited in the closing entries to reset their balances in preparation for the new accounting period. The accounts that are debited in the closing entries are typically Revenue, Expense, and Dividend accounts. Revenue accounts are debited to transfer their balances to the income summary or directly to retained earnings, which effectively zeros them out for the new accounting period. Expense accounts are also closed by debiting income summary and crediting each expense account to reflect zero balances. Dividend accounts, when used, are debited to clear out any dividends declared during the period, transferring the balance to retained earnings. These actions are not related to the direct reduction of Assets or the settlement of Liabilities, nor do they involve the immediate distribution of profits to shareholders, as suggested in option (d).