Final answer:
During WWII, Allied and Axis nations increased birth rates through propaganda, economic incentives, and limits on birth control. Japan incentivized young marriages and large families, while Nazi Germany provided perks for childbirth and restricted birth control.
Step-by-step explanation:
During World War II, both Allied and Axis nations employed various methods to increase their birth rates. These included propaganda promoting large families, economic incentives for having more children, and restrictive regulations on birth control. For instance, the Japanese government under the National Eugenics Law discouraged birth control measures and abortion, instead rewarding women who married young and had many children. In Nazi Germany, the regime promoted marriages and childbirth through economic incentives, while limiting access to birth control, as they sought to increase the population of those they deemed racially 'desirable'. These strategies were reflective of the authoritarian nature of these regimes and their ideological drive for population growth to fulfill wartime needs and demographic aspirations.