Final answer:
The consequences of the arrival of refugees from Africa and the Middle East in Europe include increased cultural heterogeneity, strain on social services and resources, and improved diplomatic relations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The arrival of refugees from Africa and the Middle East in Europe has had various consequences:
- Increased cultural heterogeneity: The influx of refugees has brought diversity to European countries, with different cultures, languages, and religions being introduced.
- Strain on social services and resources: The large number of refugees has put pressure on social services, such as healthcare, housing, and education, as well as increased competition for jobs.
- Improved diplomatic relations: The acceptance of refugees has led to improved diplomatic relations between European countries and the countries from which the refugees originate, as well as international recognition of the humanitarian efforts.