Final answer:
The Plan de Iguala was announced by Agustín de Iturbide in 1821, delineating key terms for Mexican independence which included independence, religion, and social equality, known as the Three Guarantees. It led to the establishment of an independent government in Mexico.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Plan de Iguala was a pivotal document in Mexican history, as it outlined the terms for Mexico's independence from Spain. Announced on February 24, 1821, by Agustín de Iturbide, the plan established three foundational principles, known as the Three Guarantees: independence from Spain; the establishment of Roman Catholicism as the official religion; and social equality for all residents of Mexico, regardless of birthplace. It also set up the vision for a constitutional monarchy with an imperial crown to be given to a European royal, and a regency period until a new ruler was appointed. The Army of the Three Guarantees, led by Iturbide, was instrumental in upholding the principles of the plan. The Plan de Iguala played a crucial role in the formation of the first independent government in Mexico, leading to the short-lived empire under Iturbide and eventually transitioning Mexico into a republic.