Question

Plants with shallow roots are more easily damaged by some herbivores. Make a logical case to support this claim.

a) Shallow roots lack the nutrients required for defense mechanisms against herbivores.
b) Shallow roots are more accessible to herbivores for feeding purposes.
c) Shallow roots reduce the plant's ability to absorb water, making it more susceptible to damage.
d) Shallow roots limit the plant's ability to establish a symbiotic relationship with beneficial soil organisms.

Answer 1

Plants with shallow roots are more easily damaged by some herbivores due to their accessibility, the lack of symbiotic relationships with beneficial soil organisms, and the reduced ability to absorb water.

Step-by-step explanation:

Plants with shallow roots are more easily damaged by some herbivores for several reasons:

1. Shallow roots are more accessible to herbivores for feeding purposes. When herbivores can easily reach the roots, they are more likely to consume them, leading to damage or even death of the plant.
2. Shallow roots limit the plant's ability to establish a symbiotic relationship with beneficial soil organisms. Deep-rooted plants are more likely to develop symbiotic relationships with beneficial soil organisms like mycorrhizal fungi, which can enhance the plant's defense against herbivores. Shallow-rooted plants miss out on these benefits and are therefore more vulnerable to damage.
3. Shallow roots reduce the plant's ability to absorb water, making it more susceptible to damage. Deep roots can reach water deeper in the ground, providing a more reliable source of water for the plant. Shallow roots, on the other hand, may struggle to access sufficient water, especially during dry periods. This lack of water can weaken the plant and make it more susceptible to damage by herbivores.