Final answer:
A typical prokaryotic cell lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, with its DNA located in a nucleoid. It has a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes, and may have additional structures like flagella.
Step-by-step explanation:
A typical prokaryotic cell lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Instead of a nucleus, the genetic material of a prokaryotic cell is located in a region called the nucleoid. These cells also have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and often a cell wall. Some prokaryotes may have additional structures such as flagella, pili, fimbriae, and capsules.
The correct description for a typical prokaryotic cell is that it lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (option b). Prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells as they do not have specialized compartments enclosed by internal membranes, but they do share with all cells a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes.
Prokaryotic cells are generally single-celled organisms that can be found in various shapes, such as cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped), and spirilli (spiral-shaped). They are simple in structure but varied in function and ecology, and are fundamentally important in many biological processes and the Earth's ecosystems.
The correct answer is b) Lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.