Question

Realism in philosophy is often understood as the perspective that acknowledges the existence of an independent reality, distinct from the subject. However, this term faces opposition and is often compared to idealism. Which of the following accurately represents the debates and nuances surrounding realism and idealism in philosophy?

a) Realism primarily functions as a means to discredit an intellectual adversary without substantial basis.

b) Idealism, while embracing reason and ideas for understanding truth, doesn't necessarily deny the existence of an independent reality.

c) Realism and idealism, despite apparent opposition, are terms used polemically without distinct philosophical implications.

d) Realism debates encompass discussions about the extent to which well-confirmed scientific theories reflect the actual reality, while idealism pivots on mind-body dualism and the role of reason in truth-seeking.

Answer 1

Realism in philosophy acknowledges an independent reality while idealism associates reality with ideas in the mind. Realism debates discuss scientific theories reflecting reality, while idealism focuses on mind-body dualism and reason in truth-seeking.

Step-by-step explanation:

Realism in philosophy is the perspective that acknowledges the existence of an independent reality, distinct from the subject. Idealism, on the other hand, associates reality with ideas in the mind rather than material objects.

Realism debates include discussions about the extent to which well-confirmed scientific theories reflect actual reality, while idealism focuses on mind-body dualism and the role of reason in truth-seeking.