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The previously mentioned book states: The velocity of the medium is the time rate of change in the displacement:

v(x,t)=∂/∂y(s(x,t))=s_max ω sin(kx−ωt+ϕ)

I am confused why we differentiate with respect to y rather than t. Given the final result, x
was treated as a constant and the result makes sense if we differentiate with respect to t
(although missing a negative sign?). What am I missing?

User Bowlturner
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1 Answer

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Final answer:

The student is confused about differentiating displacement with respect to time to find the velocity of medium particles in a wave. The differentiation should indeed be with respect to time, and the provided equation should have a negative sign, which seems to be a typo in the book.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question involves the concept of differentiation in physics, specifically relating to wave motion. The confusion arises from the differentiation with respect to y instead of t (time) when finding the velocity of medium particles in a wave. The velocity of the medium is given by the partial derivative of the displacement s(x,t) with respect to time t, while treating position x as a constant. In the context of waves, particularly transverse waves, the particles of the medium oscillate in the y-direction as the wave moves in the x-direction; hence, we find how this displacement changes with time to get the medium particle velocity at a particular point in space.

To clarify the equation provided, v(x,t)=∂/∂y(s(x,t))=s_max ω sin(kx−ωt+ϕ), it seems there's a typo: the differentiation should be with respect to t, not y. The equation should have a negative sign if we're considering the wave equation s(x,t) = s_max cos(kx - ωt + ϕ), leading to v(x,t) = -s_max ω sin(kx - ωt + ϕ) after differentiation with respect to time, which correctly indicates the velocity of the medium's particles.

User Yang You
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