Question

Paleontologists analyzing fossils from a newly discovered site with layers spanning multiple geological periods found that one of the youngest layers probably correlates with a mass extinction event. Which of the following would be evidence supporting this claim?

a) Presence of diverse fossils
b) Uniform sediment composition
c) Sudden disappearance of certain species
d) Limited fossilized remains

Answer 1

Evidence for a correlation with a mass extinction event includes a sharp decline in diverse fossils and the sudden disappearance of certain species within a particular geological layer.

Step-by-step explanation:

Paleontologists analyzing layers from various geological periods would conclude that a layer correlates with a mass extinction event if it shows evidence such as the sudden disappearance of certain species. Mass extinctions in the fossil record are characterized by significant losses in biodiversity, typically with more than half of all species vanishing. Key indicators include a noticeable transition in fossilized remains across geological periods, wherein there is a dramatic loss of species, as seen in the rock strata. A particular stratum showing a sharp decline in diverse fossils that were once abundant could be considered supportive evidence. Additionally, specific data like a reduction in pollen grain varieties can also indicate a loss of diversity consistent with mass extinctions.