Final answer:
The human vertebral column's role is to provide support and protection for the spinal cord, support the head, and serve as an attachment point for ribs and muscles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The role of the human vertebral column is support and protection of the spinal cord. The vertebral column, also known as the spinal column or spine, is composed of 26 bones, including the vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx. Its primary functions are to protect the spinal cord, support the head, and provide attachment points for ribs and muscles. Additionally, the vertebral column's S-shaped curvature acts as a shock absorber for the forces of walking and running, and it helps to distribute the body's weight evenly, which is essential for bipedal locomotion.