Final Answer:
The type of extremophile that grows optimally at temperatures of –15 to 10 ºC or lower is b) Psychrophiles.
Step-by-step explanation:
Psychrophiles are extremophiles that thrive in cold environments, with optimal growth temperatures ranging from –15 to 10 ºC or even lower. These microorganisms have adapted to the challenges posed by icy conditions, demonstrating their ability to function and reproduce in frigid temperatures. Their unique biochemical and structural adaptations allow them to maintain cellular processes in cold environments where other organisms would struggle to survive.
In summary, psychrophiles are specialized extremophiles that exhibit optimal growth at low temperatures, making them well-suited for habitats such as polar regions and deep-sea environments where cold conditions prevail. The choice b) Psychrophiles accurately identifies the extremophile associated with these temperature ranges.
The correct option is b.