Final answer:
Eukaryotic chromosomes consist of DNA molecules tightly wound around proteins called histones. DNA is structured as a double helix with complementary base pairing of nucleotides.
Step-by-step explanation:
In eukaryotic organisms, the structure of a chromosome consists of DNA molecules tightly wound around proteins called histones. This DNA-protein complex is further coiled and condensed to form a more compact structure known as chromatin. Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear and typically contain multiple distinct chromosomes within the nucleus.
The structure of DNA consists of two strands that are twisted together in a double helix formation. The strands are made up of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). The structure of DNA allows for complementary base pairing, where adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine.