Final answer:
Tinea capitis is the correct answer; it's a fungal infection caused by the fungus Trichophyton violaceum, which causes a superficial mycosis on the scalp.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question "___________ is a superficial fungal infection found on the head" is d) Tinea capitis. Tinea capitis, also known as ringworm of the scalp, is a superficial fungal infection caused by Trichophyton violaceum among other species. It's one of various tineas, a group of fungal infections affecting different parts of the body including tinea corporis (ringworm), tinea pedis (athlete's foot), and tinea unguium (onychomycosis).
These infections are characterized by an itchy, ring-shaped rash when it appears on the skin. While the term ringworm can be confusing, it is important to know that the condition is not caused by a worm but by fungi. Tinea capitis is particularly common in children but can affect adults as well.