Final answer:
The outermost membrane surrounding the brain is known as the dura mater, which is a protective and durable layer of the meninges.
Step-by-step explanation:
The outermost membrane surrounding the brain is called the dura mater.The dura mater is the thickest and most durable of the three meningeal layers, providing substantial protection to the central nervous system. The name dura mater originates from Latin, meaning tough mother,reflecting its role in safeguarding the brain and spinal cord. Along with the arachnoid mater and pia mater, it forms the meninges, which offer structural support and contain cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the brain.Dura mater is directly attached to the inner surface of the skull and extends to the very end of the vertebral cavity, enclosing the central nervous system as well as the major blood vessels that enter the cranium and vertebral cavity. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is c. dura mater.The outermost membrane surrounding the brain is called the dura mater. Therefore, the correct answer is:a) Dura mater The meninges are the three protective layers of membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. From outermost to innermost, these layers are the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.Dura Mater:The term dura mater translates to tough mother, appropriately describing its tough and durable nature. It is the outermost layer of the meninges and forms a protective, fibrous sac around the brain and spinal cord.
The dura mater is composed of dense, irregular connective tissue and provides structural support to the brain.Arachnoid Mater: - The arachnoid mater is the middle layer of the meninges, located beneath the dura mater. - It is a thin and delicate membrane resembling a spider web in appearance. - The subarachnoid space, filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is located between the arachnoid mater and the underlying pia mater. Pia Mater: - The pia mater is the innermost layer of the meninges, adhering closely to the surface of the brain and spinal cord. - It is a thin, delicate membrane that follows the contours of the brain and provides a barrier for cerebrospinal fluid.While the dura mater serves as a protective layer, it also contains blood vessels and sinuses that are crucial for the circulatory system within the brain. It acts as a tough barrier, helping to shield the delicate neural tissues from potential external trauma.In summary, the outermost membrane surrounding the brain, the dura mater, plays a vital role in protecting and supporting the central nervous system.