Final answer:
Sonication brings about cell lysis due to cavitation induced by rapid localized pressure changes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sonication is the method that brings about cell lysis due to cavitation induced by rapid localized pressure changes. Sonication uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to disrupt cell structures, causing rapid changes in pressure within the intracellular liquid. This leads to cavitation, the formation of bubbles inside the cell, which can disrupt cell structures and eventually cause the cell to lyse or collapse.
Filtration, autoclaving, and irradiation do not bring about cell lysis due to cavitation induced by rapid localized pressure changes. Filtration physically separates microbes from samples, while autoclaving and irradiation kill or inhibit the growth of microbes through heat or radiation, respectively.