Final answer:
Transcriptomics is the science of studying mRNA molecules produced by cells to monitor differences in gene expression patterns. It helps scientists understand how genes are expressed and regulated within cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The science of studying the entire collection of mRNA molecules produced by cells, allowing scientists to monitor differences in gene expression patterns between cells, is called transcriptomics. Transcriptomics involves analyzing the mRNA level to understand how genes are expressed and regulated within cells. It helps scientists gain insights into cellular responses to diseases and provides a comprehensive view of gene expression patterns.