Question

We stated in Example 11.12 that a xylem tube is of radius (2.50 × 10⁻⁵) m. Verify that such a tube raises sap less than a meter by finding h for it, making the same assumptions that sap’s density is (1050 , {kg/m}³), its contact angle is zero, and its surface tension is the same as that of water at (20.0º , {C}).

a) 0.2 m
b) 0.5 m
c) 0.8 m
d) 1.0 m

Answer 1

The capillary tube, with specified parameters, can raise sap up to 0.5 meters due to capillary action, as calculated using the formula
`\(h = (2T)/(\rho g r)\)`. This process is vital in plant biology for fluid movement.

So. the correct answer is B.

Step-by-step explanation:

The height (h) to which a liquid can be raised in a capillary tube is given by the formula
`\(h = (2T)/(\rho g r)\)` where
`\(T\)` is the surface tension
`\(\rho\)` is the density of the liquid
`\(g\)` is the acceleration due to gravity and
`\(r\)` is the radius of the tube.

Given the values in the problem and plugging them into the formula, we find that
`\(h = 0.5\)` meters. Capillary action is a phenomenon where liquids spontaneously rise or fall in narrow tubes, and it plays a crucial role in plant biology for the movement of water and nutrients.

Understanding capillary action involves considering the interplay of various physical properties, such as surface tension density and tube radius. Further exploration into these concepts can provide insights into fluid dynamics and their applications in nature.

So. the correct answer is B.