Final answer:
A shear modulus is required to calculate the shear deformation for a vertebra subjected to a shearing force. Without this information, the problem cannot be solved.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the shear deformation of a vertebra that is being subjected to a shearing force, we need to apply the formula for shear deformation, which involves the shear modulus (G), the shearing force (F), the height of the cylinder (h), and the cross-sectional area (A). The cylinder in this case represents the vertebra.
However, the problem does not provide the shear modulus for the vertebra. Without this value, we cannot calculate the shear deformation. Therefore, the solution to the problem requires additional information about the material properties of the vertebra, specifically the shear modulus. Once the shear modulus is known, you can use the following formula to determine the shear deformation:
Δx = τ/G = (F/A)/G
where τ is the shear stress, F is the shear force, A is the cross-sectional area of the vertebra, and G is the shear modulus. The cross-sectional area is found using the diameter (d) of the cylinder, A = π(d/2)^2.