Final answer:
In the equation HCl + H₂O ⇌ Cl⁻ + H₃O⁺, HCl is the Brønsted-Lowry acid, Cl⁻ is the conjugate base, H₂O is the Brønsted-Lowry base, and H₃O⁺ is the conjugate acid.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the equation HCl + H₂O ⇌ Cl⁻ + H₃O⁺, the components can be labeled as follows:
- a) HCl is the Brønsted-Lowry acid.
- b) Cl⁻ is the conjugate base.
- c) H₂O is the Brønsted-Lowry base.
- d) H₃O⁺ is the conjugate acid.
In this equation, HCl donates a proton (H⁺) to H₂O, making it a Brønsted-Lowry acid. The H₂O molecule accepts the proton to become H₃O⁺, which is the conjugate acid. Meanwhile, the Cl⁻ ion is formed when HCl loses the proton, making it the conjugate base.