Question

Name and write the structures of all isomers of the propyl and butyl alkyl groups.

a)Propyl: CH₃ - CH₂ - CH₂⁻

b)Isopropyl: (CH₃)₂CH⁻

c)Butyl: CH₃ - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂⁻

d)Isobutyl: (CH₃)₃C⁻

Answer 1

Isomers of the propyl group are propyl and isopropyl, while isomers of the butyl group include butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl. These are the prevalent isomers used in organic chemistry.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question asks to name and write the structures of all isomers of the propyl and butyl alkyl groups. For the propyl group, we have two isomers:

• Propyl: CH3CH2CH2−
• Isopropyl: (CH3)2CH−

For the butyl group, there are four isomers:

• Butyl: CH3CH2CH2CH2−
• Isobutyl: (CH3)2CHCH2−
• Sec-butyl (or 1-methylpropyl): CH3CH2CH(CH3)−
• Tert-butyl (or 1,1-dimethylethyl): (CH3)3C−

These are the main isomers for propyl and butyl groups used in organic chemistry.