Final answer:
The formation of 208₈₂Pb from 228₉₀Th involves a series of decay reactions including α and β particle emissions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The formation of 208₈₂Pb from 228₉₀Th proceeds through a series of decay reactions. The step-wise emission of α particles and β particles leads to the formation of the final isotope.
The nuclear reactions involved in the formation of 208₈₂Pb from 228₉₀Th are as follows:
- α decay: 228₉₀Th ➞ 224₈₈Ra + 4₂He
- α decay: 224₈₈Ra ➞ 220₈₆Rn + 4₂He
- α decay: 220₈₆Rn ➞ 216₈₄Po + 4₂He
- α decay: 216₈₄Po ➞ 212₈₂Pb + 4₂He
- β decay: 212₈₂Pb ➞ 212₈₃Bi + 0₋₁e
- β decay: 212₈₃Bi ➞ 212₈₄Po + 0₋₁e
- α decay: 212₈₄Po ➞ 208₈₂Pb + 4₂He